RESEARCH

Used by scholars

Researchers are not directly connected to the environment they are studying.

Researchers can be removed from research site

Looks for answers to current occurrences

Focuses on explaining educational issues, questions, and processes

Researchers are objective

Applies scientific method to educational topics

1. Specify the topic of concern​

2. Clarify specific problem

3. Formulate research questions and hypotheses

4. Collect, analyze, and interpret data

5. State findings based on data analysis

6. Draw conclusions

Research methods put into two categories

• quantitative research​

• qualitative research

Research Designs

• nonexperimental vs experimental​

• mixed-methods 

Used by teachers, administrators, and counselors

Is done by teachers for themselves

Inquiry of their own practice

Used to study real school / classroom issues because the goal is to improve current practice

Researchers are actively in the research site, typically their classroom 

Researchers study their instructional methods, their students, and their assessments

Focus on specific and unique characteristics of population

Basic process of four steps:

1. Identifying area of focus​

2. Collect data

3. Analyzing and interpreting data

4. Developing a plan of action

Many models of actions research exist​

• Stringer's Action Research Interacting Spiral​

• Lewin's Action Research Spiral

• Bachman's Action Research Spiral

• Riel's Action Research Model